These guidelines help you prepare a manuscript that can move quickly through screening and review.
Manuscript structure
- Title page with all author names, affiliations and a corresponding email.
- Structured abstract of no more than 300 words.
- Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion and Conclusion.
- References in a consistent numbered style.
Formatting
- Accepted file types: PDF, DOC or DOCX (maximum 10 MB).
- Use 11–12 pt text, 1.5 line spacing and numbered pages.
- Tables and figures should be cited in order and include clear captions.
Declarations
Please include statements on funding, competing interests, ethics approval where relevant, and data availability.
Last updated 05 Jan 2026